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Andrew O. Pace
Historian of Moral Dilemmas of US Foreign Relations
Welcome! I am a historian of the United States in the world, and I specialize in the moral dilemmas of U.S. foreign relations or what I call the moral fog of war.
In 2003, former U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara reflected on his own participation and America’s role in World War II and the Vietnam War and stated, “I think the human race needs to think more about killing. How much evil must we do in order to do good?” This profound question lies at the heart of my research and the future of U.S. foreign policy. Through my work on American attitudes, values, and ethics amidst the fog of war, I continue to try to answer McNamara's haunting question.
Featured Research & Current Projects
The Limits of Unlimited War: Victory at All Costs to Peace at Any Price, 1943-1973
The Limits of Unlimited War: Victory at All Costs to Peace at Any Price, 1943-1973
U.S. HistoryU.S. Foreign RelationsMorality & War
“This is Nazi Brutality”: The Transnational Movement to Remember the Unprecedented War Crime of Lidice
“This is Nazi Brutality”: The Transnational Movement to Remember the Unprecedented War Crime of Lidice
HolocaustCultural MemoryWorld War II
“What Are We Waiting For?”: Aggressors for Peace and the Preventive War Controversy of 1950-51
“What Are We Waiting For?”: Aggressors for Peace and the Preventive War Controversy of 1950-51
U.S. HistoryU.S. Foreign RelationsMorality & War
Moral Inflation: American Intolerance for the Human Costs of War After 1945
Moral Inflation: American Intolerance for the Human Costs of War After 1945
U.S. HistoryU.S. Foreign RelationsMorality & WarWorld War IICold War